Airsoft Sa80 Grenade Launcher
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Jonathan Ferguson with N.R. Jenzen-Jones An ‘area effect’ weapon was a requirement from the outset of the SA80 programme, and appeared in wooden mock-up form in the 1970 Preliminary Study (published 1971). General Staff Requirement (GSR) 3518, issued in 1974, notes that the individual weapon was required to “be able to accept an area target capability for muzzle or tube-launched grenades”. GSR 3518 goes on to note that “[t]he area target capability may be provided by tube-launched or muzzle-launched grenades but will have recoil forces no greater than 80 joules.” Interestingly, the only existing grenade launcher assessed in early studies was the Colt XM148 launcher, but it appears that no attempt was made to adapt this system for the SA80 prototypes. However, a quite detailed design and mock-up were produced for an Enfield-designed under-barrel grenade launcher (UBGL). In a forward-thinking move, this was designed to pivot out to one side with the press of a lever, permitting the use of cartridges with a greater overall length. The mock-up included a rifled barrel and its mechanism was fabricated from metal, with a support arm running in a track to guide and retain the breech end of the tube as it pivoted outward.
Given equal weight in the study was the alternative or supplement of the traditional muzzle-launched rifle grenade, which was already in limited anti-tank service with the L1A1 Self-Loading Rifle (FN Herstal FAL). The ENERGA high explosive anti-tank (HEAT) rifle grenade, produced by MECAR of Belgium, was formally issued to British forces in 1952 as the ‘Anti-Tank Grenade, No. 94 (ENERGA)’. Early in the SA80 programme, wooden rifle grenade was made that could be slotted into the muzzle of the. Unfortunately, this mockup rifle grenade appears to be no longer extant in the former Pattern Room collection. These two solutions, UBGL and rifle grenade, would be investigated in parallel for a number of years.
SA80 programme mock-up with under-barrel grenade launcher. Note munition mock-ups, one with an overall length greater than typical (p hoto credit: Jonathan Ferguson/ARES). The fairly elaborate mock-up UBGL design was built into a fully functional weapon and fitted to a single example of the, probably in early 1976. As in the mock-up, the barrel was rifled. No grenade sight appears to have been fitted; if it was, no evidence of it exists today.
Similarly, no replacement upper handguard was produced, leaving the gas parts exposed. This XL60 series grenade launcher features an unconventional and not wholly practical trigger mechanism, which surprisingly enough is also present on the mock-up in functional form (that is, it cocks and dry fires). This is located on top of the UBGL, placing it between the barrel of the grenade launcher and the gas block of the host rifle. The front portion is grasped between thumb and forefinger and pulled back against spring tension to cock the weapon.